Improvement in pump-valves



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES VATSON, OF GREENVICH, ENGLAND.

llVl PROVEIVI ENT IN PUM P-VALVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 207,784, datedSeptember 3, 1878; application iiled July 6, 1878; patented in England,November 13, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J AMES WATSON, of Greenwich, England, engineer, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Pumps, for which English LettersPatent were granted to me under date November 13, 1876, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings.

rIhis invention relates to pumps provided with valves of india-rubber orother similar flexible material-such as leather or india-rubber andcanvas combined, or the like-and is chiefly designed to cheapen andsimplify the construction of these valves.

The said invention is applicable to pumps for steam or handfire-engines, pumps for loco motive, marine, or stationary engines, togarden-pumps, and other pumps, and in which ordinary india-rubber orother ilexible valves are or may be used.

The said invention consists, chiefly,in so constructing the valves,valve-seats, and passages that one valve controls both the suction andthe delivery of the pump, the said valves, valveseats, and passagesbeing combined with the other parts of the pump, and adapted to pumpswith either fixed or oscillating cylinders or barrels, as hereinafterdescribed. The said valves are al'iplicable to either sin gle or doubleacting pumps. In single-acting pumps they may be arranged at either endof the barrel in the usual manner, and in double-acting pumps they maybe arranged at one or both ends or in the center of the pump-barrel.

By my invention I obtain the advantage of having the valves arrangedclose to the barrel of the pump, thereby diminishing the airspace andaifording great facility for examination of the said valves. Moreover,the simplicity of construction of the said valves will considerablyreduce the cost of the manufacture of pumps.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown how I carry my invention intopractice with various forms of pumps.

Figure l is a longitudinal central section of a double-acting pump witha fixed barrel provided with valves according to my invention. Fig. 2 isa transverse section through the said pump-barrel on the line x m,showing the top of the valves. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section ofanother double-actin g pump with a fixed barrel and provided with valvesaccording tot my invention. same with the cover removed. Fig. 5 showsthe inner side of the said cover. Fig. 6 is an elevation of adouble-acting oscillating pump with trunuions at the center of itscylinder or barrel, and provided with valves according to the saidinvention. Fig. 7 is a transverse section of the same on the line wFigs. 8 and 9 are longitudinal sections of a double-acting pump providedwith valves according to my invention at one end of the same. Fig. 10 isan under-side View of one of the valve-seats of this pump. Fie'. 11 isan elevation, partly in section, of a single-acting pump, suitable for agarden-pump or the like, and provided with valves according to myinvention at its lower end. Fig. l2 is a plan or top view of a valveboxfor a single-acting pump constructed according to my invention with thecover of the same removed. Fig. 13 is a vertical section of the same onthe line y y.

Like letters indicate the same parts thi-C ughout the drawings.

In forming the valves shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, I take sheets ofindia-rubber of the kind ordinarily used for forming valves and forsimilar purposes, or any other suitable materialsuch as leather,india-rubber, and canvas, or the likeof the necessary dimensions andthickness. I t these indiarubber or other sheets which form the valves abetween two faces, b c, properly shaped to insure the close fitting vofthe valve thereon, and with sufiieient space between them to allow thesaid valves to have the required movement between the said faces. Eachof the said valves is held at its central portion, a', securely betweenthe two faces b c, which are so formed and ar' ranged that there is onlysufficient space between them at this central portion to allow the valveto be tted therein but the face I) is curved or sloped away from thiscentral portion on one side of the said valve, and the other face, c, isoppositely curved or sloped outward from the shaft on the other side ofthe valve, as shown.

Through the iiat portions b1 c1, which are the valve-seats, I formapertures or ports for the passage of the water, while the curved orFig. 4 is an end view of the sloping portions l2 c2 serve as stops orguards for said valves. The said seats are preferably grated, as shownat d, Fig. 2, or they may be perforated with small holes. When the valveis open or raised from the said seats the water passes freely throughthem; but they are closed when the valve is down upon or in contact withits seats. In Fig. 1 there are two valves, a, with an inlet-chamber, e,between them, and I have shown the pump provided with two pistons, p, atthe ends of the rod g, which, at its upper end, is connected by a link,r, with the double lever or handle s, whereby the pump is operated. t isa space used as an air-vessel.

In Fig. 3 the perforated or grated seat bl is in the suction or inletpassage or aperture e,

and the other seat, cl, is in the delivery or discharge aperture orpassage f. The valve a extends to and covers both of these seats. Itwill thus be seen that I make one valve serve both as a suction anddelivery valve.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10 I have shown two valves, a, with an inlet-chamber,e', between them. One of these valves admits and discharges the water onone side of the piston or plunger g, and the other valve admits anddischarges the water on the other side of the said plunger. his thepassage by which the water passes to and from the upper or forward endof the pump.

In pumps in which the valves are subjected to a veryhigh pressureIpreferto place springs at the back of the said valves to strengthen the valvesand assist in closing the same.

In adapting the said invention to oscillating pumps I may construct thesame with trunnions either at the end or at the center of the barrel.One trunnion connects with the suction pipe or passage, and the otherwith the delivery or discharge pipe of the pump.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown a pump with trunnions j at the centerofthe barrel. The trunnion c' is connected with the suction-pipe, andthe suction or inlet passage e extends therefrom to the seat b1, andthrough the same into the barrel. The outlet or delivery passage f isthrough the seat cl, and thence extends to and through the trunnion j,as shown in Fig. 7. Suitable longitudinal passages are cast at the sidesof the barrel to connect the trunnions with the valves at both ends ofthe said barrel.

rIhe pump shown in Fig. 11 is portable, and will be found veryconvenient for garden use. Its valve a is secured between the two facesI) c, which, in this case, are cast or fixed in the upper and lowerportions, b* 0*, of the valve-box. These two portions are securedtogether by the central screw and nut 7c l. The inlet-passage c andoutlet-passagef are conveniently formed for the attachment ofindia-rubber or other flexible pipes.

The valve and seats shown in Figs. 12 and 13 are substantially the sameas those shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

In applying my said invention to a reen gine I prefer to have twodouble-action oscillating pumps arranged opposite each other, andworking on one central crank or lever. The suction and discharge pipesare to be connected with the said trunnions and with suitableair-vessels. I inolose the barrels in suitable jackets or casin gs, and,if desired, I may make the space iuclosed between the said j ackets andthe barrels serve as air-vessels; or I may use air-vessels of the usualconstruction.

What I claim is- 1. In a pump provided with avalve or valves, ofindia-rubber, leather, or other like material, the valveor valves a andvalve-seats b c b1 ol, so constructed and fitted together and incombination with the suction and delivery passages that one valve willcontrol both the suction and the delivery of the said pump,substantially as above set forth.

2. The combination of the two valves a and d plates or faces b c withthe inlet-chamber c between them, substantially as and for the

